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=====Cori's Guide to Linux=====

====Connecting to the server====
The server is running at twelvetacos.com and ssh is open on port 2242. Open PuTTY and enter the server Host Name and Port. If you want to save the connection info, enter a name for the connection in "Saved Sessions" and click save. To load a saved session, double-click on the saved session.

{{:putty.png?400 |}}//

====Initial Configuration====
After logging in with the username "corina" and the provided password, run ''passwd'' to reset your password to something more secure. The new password will not display as you type it.

====Navigating around the system====
The linux directory structure starts at /. From there, there are a few important subdirectories.
<code>
/home/  - Contains the home folders for all the users on the system.
/var/   - Contains files that are likely to change (variable) used by services running on the system.
/etc/   - Contains configuration files for services running.
/tmp/   - Contains temporary files.
</code>
Your home directory will be located at /home/corina/. Your current directory will be displayed in your prompt to the right of the colon ''corina@jolokia:~$''. The tilde is a shortcut for your home directory. Some basic commands for navigating the system are below.
<code>
pwd - Print the working directory (show where you currently are in the file system.
corina@jolokia:~$ pwd
/home/corina

ls - List the contents of the current directory. You can also provide a location as an argument to view
     the contents of another directory. (ls /var/www/)
corina@jolokia:~$ ls /var/www
corinaheich  facebook  reddit  twelvetacos  writingroots

ls -l - Providing the -l option will give a long listing to include file permissions along with the owner
        and group owner of each file.
corina@jolokia:~$ ls -l /var/www
total 20
drwxr-xr-x 4 www-data www-data 4096 Feb 10 23:19 corinaheich
drwxr-xr-x 4 www-data www-data 4096 Dec 29 23:00 facebook
drwxr-xr-x 4 www-data www-data 4096 Dec 29 23:00 reddit
drwxr-xr-x 5 www-data www-data 4096 Jan  1 17:40 twelvetacos
drwxr-xr-x 4 www-data www-data 4096 Feb 10 22:09 writingroots

cat - Print the contents of a file to the screen.
corina@jolokia:~$ cat /var/www/corinaheich/public_html/index.php
<?php
/**
 * Front to the WordPress application. This file doesn't do anything, but loads
 * wp-blog-header.php which does and tells WordPress to load the theme.
...
...
...

more - Print the contents of a file to the screen, but allow scrolling through the file if it is too long.
       The down arrow key will scroll down and the pg dn key and space bar will allow faster scrolling.
corina@jolokia:~$ more /var/www/corinaheich/public_html/index.php
<?php
/**
 * Front to the WordPress application. This file doesn't do anything, but loads
 * wp-blog-header.php which does and tells WordPress to load the theme.
...
...
...

</code>

====Editing Files====
Vim is a basic text-editing tool you can use to view and edit files. To open a file in vim, the command is simply ''vim <filename>''. Once a file is open, you will be in command mode. The mode is shown at the bottom left of the screen when not in command mode. From command mode, type ''i <enter>'' to enter insert mode. In insert mode, you will be able to modify the file as normal using the keyboard. To leave any mode and go back to insert mode, use the escape key.

To save a file, you must first be in command mode. Once in command mode, Enter '':w <enter>'' to write changes to the file. To quit the vim editor, you must enter '':q <enter>''. If you want to save and quit, you can combine these commands and use '':wq <enter>''. This is what I use most of the time. If you want to quit without saving changes, you have to use '':q! <enter>'' to tell vim you want to quit without writing changes to the file. If you receive an error about the file being only 'readonly', you must quit without writing changes as you do not have the right permissions to edit the file.

<code>
vim <filename> - Open a file
corina@jolokia:~$ vim /var/www/corinaheich/public_html/index.php

:w - Write changes to a file
:q - Exit vim when no changes are left to be written
:wq - Write changes to a file and quit
:q! - Exit vim without writing changes to file
</code>

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